Evaluación de dos métodos en la obtención de papel piedra a base de carbonato de calcio

Abstract

In the present work, two methodologies were evaluated to obtain a paper whose base raw material was calcium carbonate and two types of polymers, chitosan for the first methodology and polyethylene glycol for the second methodology. Therefore, chitosan was synthesized from the exoskeleton of the shrimp (Litopenaeus vannamei) by deacetylation of chitin, where a yield of 41.19% chitin and 37.02% chitosan was obtained, which was subjected to a physicochemical characterization. For the first methodology, the real data of percentages of the reactants, concentrations and drying times compiled from the literature were used, resulting in an evaluation that was not very concise since it did not have a starting calculation base, so it was decided to make formulations random close to a 1:2 ratio of chitosan and calcium carbonate respectively, where the best results corresponded to the formulations of sodium citrate as plasticizer. On the other hand, the evaluation of the second methodology presented totally null results, thus, the study of the factorial design was based on the percentage of elongation and tension of the first methodology. From the results obtained, it is concluded that there is an interaction at low and high levels between the factors of temperature and plasticizer with respect to the tension of the paper, whose maximum value of optimized response is 1000.99 N/cm2. However, it is recommended to work at a high temperature level for an optimal elongation percentage, where the plasticizer has a significant value at values close to 44.2029 °C and not at its low value, in order to obtain a paper better quality.