Diseño y construcción de un molino de martillos para la trituración de granos secos de maíz y arveja para el laboratorio de procesos industriales

Abstract

In this research project, the design and construction of a hammer mill was carried out in order to implement it in the industrial process laboratory, with the objective of disseminating learning and research development in the polytechnic community. For the design of the hammer mill, the characterization of the raw material (dry corn and pea grains) was performed according to INEN NNTE 187:2013- INEN NNTE 1562:2013 standards respectively. Experimental tests were performed for the determination of: mass (corn 0.6 grams; peas 0.35 grams), volume (corn 0.46 cubic centimeters; peas 0.25 cubic centimeters), density (corn 1.29 grams/ cubic centimeter; peas 1. 42 grams/cubic centimeter), inlet and outlet diameter. Once these parameters were defined, the physical dimensioning of the device obtained by means of formulas deduced and compiled from bibliography was carried out for the adequate measures of the milling design, obtaining the following results: the turning radius of 15 centimeters, useful volume of the hopper of 3875 cubic centimeters and the volume of the milling chamber of 17424 cubic centimeters. A total number of attachments of: 20 hammers, one concentric shaft, 4 secondary shafts, 1 loading hopper, 1 unloading hopper, 2 hammer-holding discs and 20 hammer separators built in AISI 304 stainless steel. As for the mechanical dimensioning, the following was obtained: operating speed 2400 RPM, rotor speed 3520 RPM, motor power 1 HP, transmission ratio 1.5 and an efficiency of 95%. The constructed device can also be used in grains of lower and higher density and size varying only the efficiency of the equipment and the grinding time, this in order to open a wide field of research within the unitary operation of grinding and its application in the various industrial and research processes of the food industry.