Determinación de la calidad de agua de consumo de la zona centro de las comunidades San José de Chancahuan, Calpiloma, Bayushi San Vicente, Asunción, y la cabecera parroquial de la parroquia Calpi provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The communities of Calpiloma, Bayushi, Chancahuan, Asunción and the Parish Headwaters belonging to the central zone of the Calpi parish do not have a water purification system. Given this problem, the objective of this research was to determine the quality of drinking water in the aforementioned communities in order to determine whether the water is fit for human consumption. The methodology implemented for the characterization of drinking water was carried out through a series of steps such as: field visit s to the sources, catchment and storage tanks and distribution networks from which samples were obtained for subsequent physical chemical and microbiological characterization at the ESPOCH laboratories. By means of this methodology, it was determined that phosphates are one of the parameters that exceeds the permissible limit established by the NTN INEN 1108 DRINKING WATER STANDARD. REQUIREMENTS, with values for the 5 communities, Calpiloma, Bayushi, Chancahuan, Asunción and the Parish Headwaters of 0.5 mg/l; 1.3 mg/l; 0 .64 mg/l; 0.86 mg/l and 1.1 mg/l respectively. Another parameter analyzed was total coliforms, which were present in only 3 of the 5 communities. Phosphates were reduced through filtration and aeration of the water, reaching a value of 0.3 mg/l in the five simples treated. After chlorinating the water, the amount of residual chlorine was measured in the HACH LANGE DR 2800 equipment, which yielded a value of 1.33 mg/ml, which eliminated pathogenic organisms that may have been present in the water. As a propo sal for treatability, engineering calculations were presented for the construction of an aeration tower, whose filtering bed to be placed consists of granulated activated carbon and gravel as a base, which should be placed ove the storage tank.