Prevalencia de alteraciones tiroideas en personas de la tercera edad en la parroquia San Luis-Riobamba, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The aim of this work was to determine the prevalence of thyroid disorders by means of the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) method and its correlation with risk factors in elderly people in San Luis parish. The study was conducted on 90 persons aged 65 years or older, prior to the study a survey was applied and, for the beginning of the analysis, blood samples were taken by venipuncture then the samples were transported to the Clinical Laboratory of Sciences College at the ESPOCH; For the determination of hormone levels (T3, T4, TSH), the competitive and sandwich method (ELISA) was used to process the samples, for data analysis, SPSS 25 was used by means of Kendall's Tau B test and Chi-square deducing that null hypothesis is rejected for the relationship of thyroid alterations with factors such as sex, family history, diet and physical activity. It was obtained that a total of 24 women reached a prevalence of 54.14% while 18 men 42.86%. In the age parameter, the group of older adults between 60 and 74 years presented a higher prevalence of 61.90%; between 78 and 84 years 35.71%; and, older than 85 years 2.38%. According to the type of thyroid alteration, 22 persons were identified with subclinical hypothyroidism 52.38% being the most prevalent, followed by primary hypothyroidism and secondary hypothyroidism with 19.05%, hyperthyroidism 4.76%, subclinical primary hypothyroidism and subclinical hyperthyroidism 2.38%. Concluding that, there are alterations at thyroid level correlated to risk factors mentioned above, therefore it is recommended to call on the population and promote routine medical checkups of thyroid gland in order to prevent future pathological complications.