Diseño e implementación de un sistema automatizado para detección y corte de fallas en láminas para la construcción de tablero plywood.

Abstract

In the present graduate research, an automated system for detecting the different flaws in sheets of wood known as knots has been designed and implemented. The implementation was in the Contrachapados de Esmeraldas S. A. (CODESA) plant, located in Esmeraldas city. Firstly, the process to automate was identified; the existing and required elements for automation. On the other hand, the cutting parameters of the wooden sheet were established, and then the retroreflective sensors were placed and calibrated. The encoder was mounted in the center of the wheel shaft, moving along with the same axis of the conveyor belts. After mounting the encoder together with its coupling, the elements that will be connected directly to the Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) were addressed. The Tia Portal v14 software was used to program the Siemens environment within a single software with more excellent reliability. The system consists of a single encoder with two duplicated signal swallowing to have an encoder on each side. Once the programming and configuration of the equipment have been completed, the respective test runs of the automated system were carried out. The data studied in chapter four show the correct operation of the automation project according to the graph and the contrasted averages. It is vital to keep preventive maintenance in the shear to have an automated system with fewer errors and better accuracy.