Implementación de un prototipo electrónico para registros telemáticos y detección de fallos en motores de automóviles mediante sistema OBD II.

Abstract

An electronic prototype was implemented for telematic registers and engine failure detection through the OBD II system. The devices that make up its construction were acquired through an analysis, study, and requirements that allow the different functions proposed by this prototype. Each device's cost, ease of acquisition, and software compatibility were considered to carry out this prototype. The OBDII system was in charge of diagnosing the vehicle, allowing constant monitoring and data storage to detect faults that may appear and affect the engine operation sensors; this monitoring was developed using a micro SD module. A control board was manufactured where an Arduino Mega development board was integrated, which was in charge of controlling the functions through programming algorithms and libraries for each module and directly with the OBDII system. The prototype allows viewing the data obtained through two virtual platforms called Datalogger and Thingspeak. The Datalogger stores the data obtained and processed by the electronic engine control unit (ECU) of each sensor and displays it through a blog of notes. Matlab's Thingspeak platform shows the signals in an analytical environment of the Internet of Things (IoT), which allows to visualize, add and analyze the engine sensors' signals directly in an internet cloud due to the GSM 1800L module. The test runs were carried out on a 2017 Toyota Cambry Hybrid vehicle. It was possible to extract data from the vehicle's primary sensors, such as revolutions per minute (RPM), coolant, oil, speed, distance, among others. Besides, it was possible to show using absolute and relative error analysis of the data obtained a result between 1% to 2% of error, considering that the extracted data are acceptable through this analysis.