Análisis del comportamiento de fibra óptica frente a la aplicación de presión mecánica para la caracterización de propagación.

Abstract

The optical fiber offers numerous advantages but exhibits characteristics that can lead to signal attenuation or losses in certain situations. These losses can originate from both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Among the intrinsic factors is the composition of the material used in fiber manufacturing, while extrinsic factors include cable deformation under various parameters such as tension, mechanics, temperature, pressure, humidity, and viscosity. Therefore, this research aimed to analyze the behavior of optical fiber when subjected to mechanical pressure for propagation characterization. To conduct this study, a brief investigation into the types of optical fibers and their characteristics was carried out through existing studies. With this information, experimental data on power was collected using a device that gradually applies pressure by increasing weight. Data collection was also performed using FIMMWAVE software. Finally, the experimental results were compared with simulated results, providing a modeling of power output as a function of curvature, which was subjected to an exponential function in both experimental and simulated scenarios. The comparison of experimental tests showed a correlation between weight application on the optical fiber and the reduction in power output. Likewise, there is a similarity between the weight applied to the fiber and the reduction of the core in the optical fiber during simulation.