Diseño y construcción de un robot de recorrido preprogramado, para desinfección de áreas de potencial contaminación basado en luz ultravioleta.

Abstract

The present degree work focused on the design and construction of a pre-programmed route robot, for disinfection of areas of potential contamination based on ultraviolet light, thus looking for new automated processes that replace manual cleaning safely and fast to eliminate viruses and bacteria. To do this, it was researched the type of UV light suitable to fulfill the function of sterilization, so UVC light with ozone was chosen, it is important to mention that this light is dangerous when in contact with the human being. In addition, an investigation with different robots on the market was carried out. For the construction of the RDD robot, the electronic elements were determined using comparative systematics, verifying functionality, cost, reliability and range. An Arduino development board was established for the control of motors, while to select their positioning through a device mobile GPS module was implemented. Finally, sensors were used (Sharp, ultrasonic, presence PIR and temperature), which are responsible for deactivating the disinfection system. It was obtained a range of disinfection in an area of 48 m2, achieving 99% destruction of microorganisms as indicated by the manufacturer. For obstacle avoidance, an average detection error of 2cm was obtained, for the presence of people within the area, a range of 1m to 7m was obtained, for thermal variations a range of 10 cm to 170 cm was determined. On the other hand, when presenting an inconvenience or having a person inside the place to be disinfected, the UVC lights will automatically turn off, and the visual and audible warning system will be activated. It is recommended for future work to improve the structural and electronic design using Artificial intelligence.