Construcción de un brazo elevador neumático paletizador controlado de forma manual para trasladar caja de cacao fermentado.

Abstract

The objective of this technical project was the construction of a manually controlled palletizing pneumatic lifting arm to move boxes of fermented cocoa beans within the Kallari association. For this, two devices were designed: a pneumatic arm with 5 degrees of freedom that allows boxes to be transported from one area to another. The structure is made of steel, it has a pneumatic system made up of 4/2 solenoid valves, three double-acting cylinders and a LogoV8 for control. The other device is a mobile box whose function is to move the cocoa beans within the drying area, its structure is made of steel and aluminum, it has a motor coupled to a sprocket-chain mechanism and is powered by a bank of two batteries connected in Serie. To validate the functioning of the devices, seven tests were carried out using the observation, comparison and statistical methodology. Based on the tests, it was determined that the pneumatic arm is capable of covering a work volume of 11,1856m³, being able to lift a maximum load of 166kg. The autonomy of the battery bank in the mobile box is 10.35h and its recharge time is 2.35h per battery. The devices together can transport a net mass of 1,620. All of the above translates into a 73% optimization of transport time, allowing the processing of 30 boxes of fermented cocoa from the collection center in 2 hours, concluding that the process with the devices developed it is 4 times faster than the one done manually. As future work for the mass production of the pneumatic arm, it is recommended to design a universal claw that can be adapted to different types of elements to be lifted, such as: bags, crates, cartons, among others, in order to diversify its usability.