Optimización de una microred mediante el análisis del dimensionamiento y localización geográfica de generación renovable y banco de baterías para un perfil de consumo promedio de 800 kw.

Abstract

Self-sustaining micro-networks are systems of renewable energy sources; also, micro-networks can integrate a storage module to guarantee that demand is always supplied. The present study focuses on optimizing the dimensioning and geographic location of micro-networks provided with renewable generation of the photovoltaic and wind type and a battery bank in the storage module. This study considered a projection of the energy demand of a house with three inhabitants, obtaining an average weekly energy consumption of about 800kWh. Subsequently, two locations in Ecuador were chosen to evaluate the study: Arenal (Chimborazo) and Aromo (Manabí). As well as two technological configurations that will integrate the generation module: 230W and 400W solar panels, 600W and 1kW wind turbines, and for both configurations 100Ah 12V batteries. The generation obtained for each scenario is determined through the mathematical model of each module. The results are governed by an objective function based on the investment cost and the loss of energy supply and are evaluated with the algorithm called Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO). After analyzing each scenario, there are four optimal solutions. The best scenario selection is made with an analysis of investment cost and energy supply losses, using a direct comparison between the best results obtained. As a final result, it was determined that, for the micro network designed with an average weekly consumption of 800kWh, it is more optimal to implement the configuration of the El Arenal sector, consisting of photovoltaic generation of 74 panels, wind generation of 0 turbines and a battery bank of 93 units. , with an investment of USD 37,880.00 and energy supply losses of 0%.