Eficiencia del bambú (bambusa vulgaris) en el tratamiento biológico para lixiviados en el relleno sanitario del cantón Morona

Abstract

The waste treatment processes generated from urban solid waste are inadequately managed in the landfill of the Morona County causing inconveniences to the environment and the health of the population. Therefore, the objective of this technical project was to design a prototype of leachate treatment using bamboo (Bambusa Vulgaris) to measure the absorption capacity and reduce the pollutant load. The methodology implemented for the development of this design, consisted in the characterization of the leachate sample without the biosorbent that was necessary to evaluate its pollutant load. After that, the bamboo was subjected to physical and chemical processes where it was dried, crushed and sieved for its subsequent chemical treatment based on the analysis and manipulation of pH, by applying the alkalinization process with hydroxide of 1N concentration; taking into account three types of treatments: Acid, basic bamboo, also the combination of bamboo with Lime due to its efficiency in wastewater treatment. Thus, the treatment started by placing the biosorbent with the leachate samples in a magnetic agitator at 300 RPM for a period of 120 min to 135 min to be filtered and left to stand for 24 hours. As results, it made a comparison between the first characterization and the three biosorption treatments, noticing that the Acid Treatment (T1) had an efficiency of 67.20%, the Basic Treatment (T2) with 67.12%, and the Combined Treatment with Lime (T3), 33.33%. In conclusion and according to the experimental design, the most efficient treatment was the Acid Treatment due to its percentage of Bioabsorption. Finally, it is recommended to carry out other types of treatments in order to reduce the pollutant load.