Diseño y construcción de un prototipo de dispositivo electrónico para control del pastoreo de semovientes por medio de cercas virtuales y supervisado por una red social.

Abstract

In the present research, a prototype of an electronic device was designed and built to control livestock grazing through virtual fences and monitored through a social network. The prototype consists of acquisition, communication, and visualization stages. Data such as the longitude and latitude of the virtual fence's location and the customized identification assigned to the livestock are obtained in the first stage. In the second stage, communication is established with the Arduino Nano FTDI to process the information obtained in the acquisition stage and store it in the system's database; in the final stage, the data assigned to the virtual fence area is displayed on the prototype's Secure Fence website, and notifications about breaches of the fence boundaries, including the identification and location of the livestock, are sent through Telegram. To validate the prototype, validation tests were conducted for the latitude and longitude of the GPS location module, resulting in absolute errors of 0.00015% and 0.000016%, respectively; the module's error margin was not exceeded. A null absolute error was obtained in the communication validation tests, confirming that successful communication is established between the prototype and the database. A null absolute error is obtained from the information integrity test, indicating no loss of transmitted information. The discharge tests determined that the prototype operates for approximately 32 hours and within an 8-hour period of sunlight, reaching 75% of its capacity. The prototype achieves communication distances of up to 35 km. Based on these results, it can be concluded that the prototype meets the established requirements.