Evaluación de la calidad de agua de la microcuenca del rio sungayme cantón sucúa, provincia de Morona Santiago, mediante macroinvertebrados acuáticos como bioindicadores

Abstract

The disposal of solid waste and chemical components, the discharge of wastewater without adequate treatment and the lack of water treatment in general is usually a widespread problem. The the objective of the current study was to evaluate the water quality of the Sungayme river located in Sucúa; taking into account macroinvertebrates as bioindicators with the application of the biological index Biological Monitoring Working Party Colombia (BMWP/Col) and the ICA-NFS index. The research methodology is descriptive with a mixed approach carried out in November, December and January in three monitoring points (PMS-01, PMS-02 and PMS-03). It applied the biological index collected with D-nets (150 µm), besides the environmental variables were measured with measuring equipment for pH, dissolved oxygen, turbidity and temperature. After that, the water samples were collected for analysis of electrical conductivity, biochemical oxygen demand, fecal coliforms, nitrates and phosphates. The results obtained using the BMWP/Col index at station PMS-01=62 determined ACCEPTABLE class II slightly polluted water; at PMS-02=51 moderately polluted DOUBT class II water, and PMS-03=45 modernly polluted DOUBT class II water, giving a total average of 52. 67 DOUBT class II moderately polluted water; meanwhile the ICA-NFS index determined at station PMS-01= 61.77 REGULAR water, at station PMS-02=47 BAD water type, and at PMS-03=48.98 BAD water status with a total average of 52.61 REGULAR water. It is concluded that there are 25 families of macroinvertebrates with a total of 393 individuals, being found the most abundant family philopotamidae, gomphidae in PMS-01, also in PMS-02 and PMS-03 the leptophebiidae, glossiphonidae, and physidae families resist contaminants. Finally, it is recommended to take control measures by the authorities for wastewater and solid waste discharges.