Caracterización de residuos plásticos generados en la provincia de Orellana

Abstract

The excessive generation of plastic waste prevents the proper management of them in each of the stages of the Municipal Integrated Solid Waste Management (ISWM), causing their collection to be inefficient and final disposal sites to collapse, causing negative impacts on the environment, therefore, the objective of this Curricular Integration Work was to characterize the plastic waste generated in Francisco de Orellana, La Joya de los Sachas and Loreto in the province of Orellana, through the Ecuadorian Technical Standard INEN 2634:2012, as a source of information for institutional decision-making. The methodology implemented had a quantitative and qualitative approach, techniques, and instruments such as field visits were used to collect information, and through methods such as manual separation, the characterization of coded plastic waste was carried out. In addition, three alternatives were proposed and evaluated in five areas: environmental, social, technical, institutional, legal, and economic. This methodology was used to determine the amount of daily generation in kilograms per canton of the types of coded plastic waste. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) ranked first, with a daily generation of 3322.82 kilograms, followed by high density polyethylene with a daily generation of 2273 kilograms and polypropylene (PP) with a daily generation of 1758.43 kilograms addition, it was proposed the use of codified plastic waste in the Francisco de Orellana, La Joya de los Sachas and Loreto, through the collaboration and participation of grassroots recyclers. In this context, it is concluded that there is evidently no efficient control of ISWM, and it is important to provide adequate conditions to the basic recyclers to promote the use and recovery of plastic waste through the proposal proposed.