Implementación de una letrina abonera en seco para la comunidad El Edén, cantón Morona - 2023

Abstract

There are sanitation problems in El Edén community due to the lack of adequate human waste management systems. The families use septic tanks or make their stools in the open air, which affects their health and the environment. Therefore, an alternative was implemented that consists of separating urine and feces using ash. Scale prototypes were developed to take samples that were sent to laboratories for analysis of the feces and soil with urine, which indicated that the feces samples with ash had changes in pH, color and odor, because different reactions and compounds were produced in the period of time evaluated, in addition, the presence of pathogens such as coliforms was reduced and the eventual elimination of parasites present in the samples, the decrease of nitrogen and phosphorus was evidenced thanks to the ash used as an absorbent and regulator. The analysis of the soil with urine showed an increase in nitrogen and phosphorus levels. Although urine can be a source of nutrients for plants, it is important to use it in moderation and with adequate dilutions to avoid possible negative effects. The latrine was sized considering the expected volume of depositions in six months with an estimated 26 users per month, resulting in a latrine 2.20 m high, a chamber 1.30 m wide and 0.78 m high, the ventilation pipe with an outlet of 0.40 cm above the latrine roof, and the steps 1.25 m from the edge of the chamber and 0.78 m high. The construction phase was executed as follows: planning, location and construction resulting in a total cost of $702.38 including construction materials and labor.