Rediseño de la planta de tratamiento de aguas residuales Ilapo i perteneciente a la parroquia Ilapo, cantón Guano, provincia de Chimborazo

Abstract

The Ilapo I wastewater treatment plant in Guano town of Chimborazo province was redesigned with the main objective of discharging wastewater that meets the parameters of the current environmental standard. Thus, improving the quality of life of the population. To start the project, it was necessary to start up the existing plant to learn about its components and operation. Then a technical diagnosis was made in situ where the dimensions of the desander channel and the Imhoff tank were taken. Subsequently, the flow rates were measured by the volumetric method. It showed an average of 0.049 L/s, a maximum of 0.165 L/s, and a minimum of 0. 027 L/s. After that, the physical, chemical, and microbiological analysis of water samples from the plant was performed. It was verified that the final discharge of BOD was 294 mg/L, fecal coliforms 8x106 CFU/100mL, and total coliforms 334x107 CFU/100mL. Such parameters do not comply with the maximum permissible limits of TULSMA. With the results obtained, it was determined that the components must be redesigned to obtain an efficient performance that guarantees the reduction of the pollutant load. The redesign and sizing were developed using the parameters of the national and international regulations in force. Therefore, concluding that the application of four components necessary for improvement such as the grating system, desander channel, septic tank, and finally an up-flow anaerobic filter (with the last two components) will guarantee the reduction of BOD, COD, TSS, and fecal coliforms. The overall system will operate with a theoretical removal efficiency of 50.46%, 68%, 50%, and 68% for BOD5, COD, TSS, and fecal coliforms respectively. Therefore, the application of this redesign of the Wastewater Treatment Plant is recommended to reduce the impact on the environment.