Asociación de las alteraciones metabólicas y hepáticas con los hábitos alimenticios y nivel de actividad física de la población adolescente de la parroquia Punín

Abstract

Nowadays, adolescents lead an inadequate lifestyle. The main cause considered was the development of metabolic and hepatic alterations. These put the population's health at risk, besides being a public health problem, as shown by several researches worldwide where a high prevalence of these pathologies is evidenced. The objective of this research was to determine the association of metabolic and hepatic alterations with eating habits in adolescents in Punin town. This is by determining the glycemic, hormonal (insulin), lipid, and hepatic profiles. A methodology with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) was implemented; and a non-experimental, cross-sectional design was used since the variables were not manipulated. Besides, it was developed in a determined time. A total of 100 adolescents were selected and blood samples were drawn for subsequent analysis and processing by immunoassay; considering limits through the SPSS.V6 statistical package. A survey was applied considering dietary habits, level of physical activity, and family history to correlate with the absorbance readings of the blood serum samples. The results showed 2% hyperglycemia, 8% hypoglycemia, 11% hypercholesterolemia, 26% low HDL cholesterol, 9% and 21% high LDL and VLDL respectively, 54% hypertriglyceridemia, 8% mixed dyslipidemia. Hyperinsulinemia was present in 48%, suspected insulin resistance in 16%, and insulin resistance in 18%. Transaminase elevation was 12% TGO and 10% TGO, Ritis coefficient was 10%. It was concluded that 80% of adolescents present metabolic alterations due to poor eating habits such as excessive consumption of simple carbohydrates, saturated fats, red meat, and sweets. In addition, a low level of physical activity was determined.