Diseño y simulación de un sistema de extracción de gases provenientes de las estaciones de trabajo del taller de soldadura de la Facultad de Mecánica de la ESPOCH

Abstract

Welding is a technique used in various manufacturing and repair processes of metal parts, which is why it is required to use appropriate personal protective equipment and facilities to avoid health risks, due to exposure to the different types of gases that are present generated during the welding process, which when inhaled can cause diseases at the respiratory system level. Therefore, the objective of this curricular integration work was to design and simulate a gas extraction system from workstations of the welding workshop of the Faculty of Mechanics of the ESPOCH using the finite element method, for which the modeling of several alternatives with different configurations was carried out in the SolidWorks computer-aided design software, as well as the analysis of the behavior of the fluid through its extension for simulation (Flow Simulation). Using the results obtained, a design can be determined that allows the evacuation of welding gases, complying with the parameters established by the A.C.G.I.H standard and the recommendations established in the Soler and Palau ventilation manual, a source considered to validate the results given that the aforementioned products correspond to a distributor of gas extractors in the country. In this context, it is concluded that the best alternative for the construction of a system with independent gas extractors for each station with a configuration of rectangular ducts due to its low manufacturing cost and the behavior of the gases when extracted