Análisis del consumo de energía de un bus eléctrico en el trayecto Espoch campus matriz y campus Tunshi

Abstract

Una The constant use of petroleum derivatives for public and private transportation has encouraged the automotive industry to explore more sustainable alternatives, such as electric vehicles to mitigate pollution. However, the widespread adoption of these vehicles is limited by their range and energy consumption. This work proposes the analysis of the energy consumption of an electric bus on a specific route, which focuses on using a mathematical model to evaluate the energy consumption of electric buses and select the most suitable one for the studied route. This model is based on vehicle dynamics equations and considers conditions to differentiate between regenerative braking events where subsystems are parameterizable, and input data include driving cycles and technical parameters of the bus. The model is validated by comparing its results with reports from the Altoona Bus Research and Testing Center. The evaluation route is the journey from Espoch's main campus to the Tunshi campus, and the weighted minimum method is employed for its design. The simulation was carried out on four buses approved for the country, and based on the results obtained, the one with the best energy consumption per kilometer is selected, in addition to the economic cost that implies the energy replacement used by each bus in a day of work as the most suitable for the route.