Automatización del proceso de curtido de pieles que se realiza en el bombo de pruebas y el bombo III de la Curtiembre “Cueros El Alce” del cantón Guano

Abstract

The tannery "Cueros el Alce" does not have automatic control systems in the leather tanning drums, which has generated excessive starts of energy, inaccurate process times and changes in the quality of the finished product, therefore, the objective of this work was to implement automatic controls to drum III and to the testing drum for the tannery "Cueros el Alce". The methodology implemented focused on the study of the variables and technical parameters of the drums in order to choose the appropriate equipment technology for the implementation of the automatic system. The control panel consisted of using mainly a frequency inverter to control the motor start-up, a PLC, an HMI to control the production times and an inductive sensor. The results obtained from the implementation allowed obtaining an energy efficiency in the industrial drum III of 42.89% and in the test drum of 51.84% , regarding the quality of the leather in the drum III the tensile strength improved by 36.28%, the percentage of elongation by 7. 8%, the ballastometry remained at 10.07mm and the abrasion to rubbing remained excellent. From the test drum, the tensile strength of the leather improved by 12.32%, the percentage of elongation by 4.9%, the ballastometry by 0.2% and the abrasion to rubbing went from being very good to excellent leather. The return on investment will be in 3 years and 4 months, which indicates that its implementation is viable. In this context, it is concluded that thanks to the implementation of the automatic control system, the energy consumption will be reduced, the motor will not start abruptly, the production process will be controlled in exact times and the quality of the leather will be better controlled.