Modelización hidráulica para prevención de inundaciones con las herramientas Hec-Ras y Hec – Georas en la quebrada de Cunduana

Abstract

The Cunduana Ravine, located between the parishes of San Juan, Calpi, Lican and the urban area of Riobamba, is considered a center of risk for flooding, mainly due to overflows, affecting nearby communities as a result of environmental degradation, lack of citizen interest, public policies and population growth without territorial planning. This research focuses on the application of hydraulic modeling for flood prevention using two key tools developed by the United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACE), HEC RAS and HEC-GEORAS, which simulate the flow of water in canals and rivers. The methodology used was based on obtaining topographic and hydrological data, calculating the maximum flow of the channel and the return period of the maximum rainfall recorded, in order to identify the areas prone to flooding. The results showed the susceptible areas in both urban and rural areas and their flood levels that vary according to the return period and the modeled micro-basin. In this context, it is concluded that in the study area the areas identified as prone to flooding are: in the parish of San Juan, the Capilla Loma Community and Universal Riobamba, Lican and in the urban area of Riobamba on the streets, Pedro Vicente Maldonado, Los Esquimales, Cdl. Tierra Nueva, Unidad Educativa Simón Rodríguez, Coca-Cola Riobamba, ESPOCH-Lizarzaburu Health Center and La ESPOCH, in such a way the tools used are efficient to simulate the behavior of water flow, providing a solid instrument to evaluate risks and carry out early warning planning to mitigate the consequences of natural phenomena such as floods.