Separación y caracterización de los metabolitos secundarios de la hiedra (Hedera helix) del Ecuador con fines de aporte a una técnica de identificación

Abstract

The study of separation and characterization of the secondary metabolites of ivy (Hedera helix) from Ecuador with the purpose of contributing to an identification technique was carried out in the Phytochemistry laboratories of the Faculty of Sciences of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. The methodology for the preparation of the extract was by maceration, the chemistry by coloring reactions. The fractionation in column, preparative thin layer. The chromatographic purity CCF, and by UV spectroscopy; for the identification of the compounds with chromophore groups the Woodward-Fieser rules were used. The ethanolic extract with density 1.044, refractive index 1.36, pH 4.60, flavonoids, saponins, terpenoids, lactones and pyrocatalytic tannins were identified in the fractionation of the toluene subextract. The possible esculetin was found in the band Ia3 run with ethyl acetate fraction 6 to 9 of the butanolic subextract column B2Rf=0.71. Possible quercetin is obtained from fractions 6 to 10 of the column fractionation of the ethanolic subextract run with butanol acetic acid acetic acid water (50:10:20) with UV ?max 283,296, 216nm. Fraction 15 of the butanolic sunextract column run with methanol:acetone (95:5) and preparative plate gives Rf=0.83, ?max 223nm. Chrysin was obtained from HPLC separation of flavonoids in fractions 1 to 5, a ?max 283, 296, 316nm and coumarin in fractions 6,7 on the same column with ?max 202, 283nm. The pyrocatalytic tannin content in the ethanolic extract was 0.23meq.