Análisis microbiológico y resistencia a antimicrobianos de la leche cruda que se expende en el mercado de Santa Rosa, Ciudad de Riobamba.

Abstract

This research aims to the microbiological analysis and to determine the microbial resistance Of the raw milk sold in the Santa Rosa market in the city of Riobamba, the process of Collection and transport of samples was done by the NTE Norm INEN 004, evaluating seven points Expenditures for three consecutive weeks, using validated techniques for counting in Petrifilm, Norms NTE INEN and the Technical Regulation RTCR: 401-2006, being analyzed Staphylococcus aureus, total coliforms, Escherichia coli and mesophilic Aerobes, Solution and three successive solutions, then inoculation, incubation and counting In Petrifilm 3M plates, confirmation in culture media in Petri dishes and microscopy by Gram staining, obtaining the following results on average 5.1x10 Xiii

4 UFC / mL Staphylococcus Aureus, 26.6 x10 4 UFC / mL Total Coliforms, 21.5x10 4 UFC / mL Escherichia coli, and 100.9x10 4

UFC / mL of mesophilic aerobes, where, when compared to the maximum permissible Respective Standards, with the exception of mesophilic aerobes, all other microorganisms are Found to be well above the allowable value, ANOVA was used in the statistical analysis, which Showed that the contamination is similar between the points of sale as well as between the Sampling. Antimicrobial resistance tests were performed, where strains of Escherichia Coli presented resistance to penicillin in 62% and ampicillin in 57%, strains isolated from Staphylococcus aureus showed resistance to penicillin by 76%, ampicillin by 47% and Amoxicillin in 6%, all this shows the depressing sanitary conditions under the Which raw milk is extracted, transported and expended, inadequate handling methods, Lack of cleanliness in the containers and utensils, reason why it is possible to be affirmed that this food is not fit For human consumption.