Prevalencia de parasitosis intestinal y su influencia en el bajo rendimiento académico en los estudiantes de las unidades educativas del cantón Cumandá provincia de Chimborazo.

Abstract

The prevalence of intestinal parasitosis as well as its influence in the poor school performance in students who attend to Educational Units of Cantón Cumandá, province of Chimborazo was determined in the present study. With a population of 931 children and adolescents. Stool samples were collected for the coproparasitary examination, the same ones that were transferred to the Laboratory of Parasitology, where they were analyzed using fresh technique with physiological serum (0.85%) and lugol solution, additionally for confirmation of results, 10% of total samples were analyzed with the flotation concentration method by Willis with saturated solution of sodium chloride. Academic performance was assessed based on the Ministry of Education's rating scale. The results showed that 27,7% of this population was parasitized. The age group with the highest prevalence of parasitosis was 9 years (13,2%). Both genders are susceptible to parasitosis. A total of 9 parasite species were identified, with prevalence of Entamoeba coli (42,3%), Ascaris lumbricoides (18,2%), Entamoeba histolytica (14%), Giardia lamblia (8%), Trichuris trichiura (7,7%), Chilomastix mesnili (5,7%), Iodamoeba bütschlii (1,8%), Endolimax nana (1,5%) and Hymenolepis nana (0,9%). The presence of Enterobius vermicularis was identified by means of the Willis flotation method, a species that was not found by coproparasite. With regard to academic performance, 49.5% of the students are dominates learning, 48.9% reaches learning, and 1.6% are close to achieving them. It is concluded that in this population there is a 27,7% of prevalence of parasitosis, which based on the statistical analysis determined that it does not directly influence in its poor academic performance.