Caracterización de la diversidad microbiana presente en suelos de tres ecosistemas de la microcuenca del río Chimborazo.

Abstract

The present research proposes: To characterize the microbial diversity existing in soils of three representative ecosystems of the Chimborazo micro basin, belonging to the San Juan parish, Riobamba canton, Chimborazo province; a study carried out in the Biology Laboratory, School of Natural Resources of ESPOCH. Parameters such as physical and chemical properties (pH, Ce, M.O, NPK, texture, and structure) and microbiological (dilution methods and Total DNA) were evaluated. The physical-chemical analysis of the soil samples presented a sandy loam texture for the potato crop, loose structure, slightly acidic with pH 6.46, percentage of average organic matter (3.79), electrical conductivity 202.0 uS/em, low nitrogen with 7.5 mg /L, high phosphorus (30.4 mg/L), and low potassium (0.47 Meq/100g). Molecular analysis indicates that the most representative taxonomic classification was for the potato crop ecosystem, where; in the bacterial classification they were found; 7 phyla, 74 families, 184 genera, and 460 species, meanwhile in the fungal classification; 6 phyla, 61 families, 79 genera, and 137 species were presented. It is concluded that in the 10 dilution of the ecosystems was obtained; in the pine forest, an average of bacteria of 7.23 x 10 (CFU/g), medium actinomycetes for turkey with 8.20 x 10 (CFU /g), and the average of fungi obtained in the pine forest ecosystem with 1.36 x 10 (CFU/g). It is recommended to perform the metabolic method to know the ccology of the different ecosystems.