Efectos de tres métodos pregerminativos y tres sustratos en la propagación de acacia negra (Acacia melanoxylon R.Br.) en el vivero forestal de la ESPOCH.

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to evaluate three pre-germinative methods and three substrates in the propagation of black Acacia (Acacia melanoxylon R. Br) in the forest nursery of ESPOCH, proposing three pre-germinative treatments such as scarification with nitric acid, soaking in hot and cold water with three types of substrates such as black soil, sand and earthworm humus. The experiment was evaluated using a Completely Randomized Block Design with ten treatments and three replications, with thirty experimental units, where the following variables were evaluated: germination percentage, plant height, stem diameter, number of leaves, leaf length, main root length and survival percentage at the end of the experiment. The highest value in the variable germination percentage and survival at the end of the research was obtained in the treatment T4: seed treated with hot water + black soil + sand with 90% at 33 days from sowing, while at 75 days of crop development, T1 stood out: seed soaked with cold water for 72 hours + 50% black soil + 25% sand + 25% earthworm humus, excelling in the variables: plant height with 3.35 and 5.85 cm at 45 days and 60 days respectively; number of leaves with 54 leaves at 75 days; and root length with 5.20 cm at 75 days. The substrate factor did not show major differences in the germination percentage variable, which means that the substrates prepared for the experiment do not directly influence germination. It is suggested to continue the research using pre-germination methods such as scarification with nitric acid subjecting to a longer period of time.