Evaluación del uso racional de analgésicos en el área de consulta externa del Centro de Salud CEBYCAM-CES, Penipe

Abstract

The objective of this research study was to evaluate the rational use of analgesics in the area of the Centro de Desarrollo Humano en Cultura y Economía Solidaria CEBYCAMCES of the Penipe canton, province of Chimborazo, during the year 2020. A non-experimental, descriptive, and retrospective type of investigation was carried out through the review and analysis of medical records of patients who met the agreed inclusion criteria. A data collection card was used on Microsoft Excel 2016 and the SPSS 25.0 Statistical Software for the data analysis. The type of analgesic with the highest consumption was identified and the compliance with the pharmacotherapeutic protocols of the Ministry of Public Health, to identify (DRP) drug-related problems and potential Negative Results associated with Medicines (NRM). It was obtained that the majority population corresponds to people of the female sex, adults from 30 to 59 years (49.59%) were the usual age group and the pathologies of greater persistence turned out to be acute tonsillitis (19.3%), neuralgia (11%), low back pain (4.6%) and osteoarthritis (4.1%). Analgesics were the therapeutic group with the highest prescription, of which NSAID anti-inflammatory analgesics were used in greater amounts concerning opiates, thus being diclofenac the most used NSAID. It was identified that 50% of patients who attended presented at least one DRP associated with the use of analgesics, such as prescription error, insufficiently treated health problems, and inadequate doses and/or guidelines, which may be the possible causes of the appearance of NRM. The most frequent NRM was that of necessity (53.7%) and security (44.2%). It was determined that the rational use of medications does not exceed 60%, so this is why the measured prescription of analgesics and the possible look for alternative methods to treat the pain are recommended.