Composición florística y valoración nutricional de la Pradera natural para la alimentación de la vicuña en la RPFCH.

Abstract

The objective of the research was to evaluate the floristic composition and the nutritional value of the natural neadow to feed the vicuna in the Chimborazo Fauna Reserve. With that purpose, twelve areas of the reserve were selected, the experimental units are located within three provinces: Chimborazo, Bolivar and Tungurahua, adding a total of 36 experimental units, the proximal analysis was done on the bromatology and nutrition animal laboratory located in the Animal Science Faculty at ESPOCH. For the analysis of the grasses the following variables were analysed: Humidity, ashes, proteins, amongst others; meanwhile, for the soil analysis physical and chemical properties were analysed. The results obtained about the botanical composition in the Chimnborazo province were: Poaceae 51,03%, Asteraceae 22,81%, Rosaceae 10,03% Apiaceae 5,90%, Malvaceae 4,33%, Gentianaceae 3,34% Barttramiaceae 1,38%. Whereas the results for Tungurahua were: Poaceae 37,27%, Plantaginaceae 14,11%, Astraceae 15,63%, Rosaceae 8,58%, Apiaceae 7,34%, Gentiaaceae 5,62%, Malvaceae 4,77%, Juncacae 1,91%, Brassicaceae 1,91%. And for the Bolivar province: Poaceae 32,35%, Plantaginaceae 29,17%; Asteraceae 10,46%, Apiaceae 10,13%, Rosaceae 7,14%, Malvaceae 5,21%, Gentianaceae 3,33%. Additionally, the grass bromatological analysis showed that the best percentage of humidity was in the Tungurahua province 63,67%, for the grassland ecosystem in the moors in the Mechahuasca waterland sector. Likewise, the best percentage related to ashes were also registered in the Tungurahua province 10,98% for the grassland ecosystem found in the humid montane high part of the moors known as the Tres cruses sector. And the best percentage for proteins was found for the Bolivar province 10,21% within the flooded grassland ecosystem of the moors in the Chagpoguio wetlands sector. As a conclusion, it can be pointed out that the poacea family was the most representative of the area, suggesting the implementation of conservation measures for the pasture species in order to diminish the risks of invasion of new species that could result in an alteration of the ecosystem.