​Prevalencia de alteraciones a nivel de la función tiroidea utilizando el método elisa en la comunidad 5 de agosto del cantón lago agrio durante el periodo marzo-junio 2021

Abstract

The main objective of this research study was to determine the prevalence of alterations at the level of thyroid function in the 5 de Agosto community of the canton Lago Agrio. Through the use of the enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) method. The research was descriptive and not experimental. The population study was 90 people, both sexes between 30-65 years of age. Blood samples were obtained through venipuncture and then transferred to the Clinical Laboratory of the Faculty of Sciences of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo for the quantitative determination of hormone levels. Triiodothyronine (T3), thyroxine (T4), and thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) as well as thyroid peroxidase antibodies (ANTI-TPO), for the execution of the analysis the enzyme-linked immunoassay technique was applied. Twenty-four cases of alterations at the level of thyroid function were identified, 70.83% in women and 29.16% in men. Therefore, two cases of subclinical hyperthyroidism were found in women, 6 cases of thyroiditis of autoimmune origin: 4 in men and 2 in women, and elevated levels of the hormone triiodothyronine were also found, in 11 cases in women and 5 in men. Therefore, it was concluded that in the 5 de Agosto community of the canton Lago Agrio, there is a prevalence of 2.22% of subclinical hyperthyroidism, 6.66% of thyroiditis of autoimmune origin, and 81% of people who have elevated levels of triiodothyronine. It is suggested to give talks and training to the medical personnel, for the population to avoid thyroid disorders.