Investigación sobre la contaminación por material particulado proveniente de las pastillas de frenos de vehículos dentro de la Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo (ESPOCH)

Abstract

The particulate matter generated by vehicle brake pads can cause inflammation in the human respiratory system. Studies on vehicular traffic pollution estimate that it represents approximately 20% of the total vehicular traffic pollution. The Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo lacks information on the particulate matter pollution generated by the abrasion of vehicle brake pads near the institution. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the particulate matter pollution from vehicle brake pads by collecting samples during a driving cycle at ESPOCH to determine its presence and influence on air quality. The methodology implemented had a quantitative and experimental approach. Data collection techniques were used to obtain information on vehicular traffic at ESPOCH. The variables studied were two categories of vehicles, a Hatchback, and an SUV, with organic and semi-metallic brake pads. The application of the experimental approach was fundamental to obtaining information through methods, techniques, and instruments for collecting particulate matter samples. It was possible to determine the emission factor and concentration of particulate matter from brake pads in the two types of vehicles through this methodology. Additionally, the results were evaluated against particulate matter concentration values established by regulatory agencies. In this context, it is concluded that the air quality at the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo is not significantly affected by the particulate matter pollution generated by the abrasion of vehicle brake pads, as it does not exceed the limits established by OSHA and ACGIH.