Diseño y fabricación de un prototipo de prótesis infantil para amputación transradial de 2 grados de libertad accionado por cables mediante sensores infrarrojos y giroscopio

Abstract

In Ecuador, trans-radial prostheses do not have a quality focused on the aesthetic part, in addition to the fact that they tend to be static, causing them not to allow the generation of movement for people with disabilities who are inclined to acquire a missing element of their body that is essential in their daily life, in this way, the present research aims to "Design and manufacture a prototype of a prosthesis for trans-radial amputation powered by infrared sensors and a gyroscope for mild rotational movement." The methodology used is focused on reverse engineering that, with the information obtained in a given time, a model was developed from a 3D scan in such a way that it would be possible to get a prototype of a prosthesis with which it is possible to automate movements. Based on 2 degrees of freedom. Using this methodology, it was possible to obtain positions, angles, speeds, and accelerations of all the phalanges of the hand. Furthermore, with a prior static analysis of the types of hand holding, values of Deformations, Von-Mises Stresses, and Safety Factors were obtained. In the same way, with a dynamic analysis, the minimum torque required to drive the prototype was determined. With the procedure used, the final step was taken to the electronic development of the prosthesis prototype that, thanks to the calculation of the minimum required torque and with the use of a development platform that combined with the sensors results in the desired movement, this research opens the doors to new ways of obtaining modeling through reverse engineering that will reduce the time to create active models for application in pediatric patients.