Plan de promoción de salud para disminuir los factores de riesgo de dislipidemia en adultos mayores, atendidos en el dispensario San Antonio de Alao, diciembre 2021- febrero 2022

Abstract

The aim of this research was to develop a health promotion plan to reduce the risk factors for dyslipidemia in older adults, treated at the San Antonio de Alao Dispensary, from December 2021 to February 2022. For this purpose, a quantitative and descriptive methodology was applied with a non-experimental and longitudinal design, focused on the collection of numerical data on the prevalence and risk factors of dyslipidemia in older adults, also without manipulating variables, allowing monitoring over time of the evolution of the condition and its associated factors in the sample studied. Among the results, it was highlighted that the majority of patients were women ranged from 65 and 75 years. On the one hand, the 96.5% of this sample consumed alcohol, with an OR of 13.8 (CI 3.30-57.8), and 83.7% followed an unhealthy diet, with an OR of 15.4 (CI 5.2-45.7). On the other hand, smoking was not significant, as 76.7% of the sample did not smoke. Physical activity showed a protective effect with an OR of 0.26, underlining its importance in preventing dyslipidemia. The study was concluded with the implementation of a health promotion plan that established educational modules, which managed to reduce by 80% the risk factors for dyslipidemia in older adults at the San Antonio de Alao Dispensary from December 2021 to February 2022. These modules strengthened healthy knowledge and practices, covering the understanding of the disease, the importance of a balanced diet, the promotion of physical activity and the prevention of harmful habits, giving as a result the promotion of the cardiovascular health. It was highly recommended the continued implementation of the health promotion for older adults, ensuring the active participation of this population, taking advantage of various educational techniques to address key aspects of cardiovascular health.