Efecto del uso de fosfolípidos de origen vegetal y animal en la calidad espermática de semen bovino fresco y descongelado

Abstract

This study aimed to determine the effect of using phospholipids derived from vegetable and animal sources on sperm quality and the sperm cell membrane of both fresh and thawed bovine semen. The investigation was conducted in the Shobol Llin Llin Community, San Juan Parish, Riobamba Canton, Chimborazo Province. Laboratory work took place at the Animal Reproduction Laboratory of the Escuela Superior Politécnica de Chimborazo. Three treatments were used: T1 with a diluent containing egg yolk (Triladyl®), T2 with a soy lecithin diluent (AndroMet®), and T3 with another soy lecithin diluent (OPTIXcell®). These were compared to a control treatment (T0), which consisted of a conventional diluent with added egg yolk. Each treatment was replicated five times, using an experimental unit of 15 straws, and the design was completely randomised. The analysis units comprised seminal doses in 0.5 ml straws, with a concentration of 50 million spermatozoa per straw, leading to a total of 300 straws across four treatments with five replicates each. The best results for sperm vitality and individual motility—81.71% and 56%, respectively—were achieved with the OPTIXcell® diluent, followed by the AndroMet® diluent. The conventional Triladyl diluent resulted in the lowest responses. Furthermore, OPTIXcell® was found to best preserve the integrity of the sperm membrane at 81.21% and the chromosomal package at 98.33%. The study concluded that the synthetic commercial extender OPTIXcell® is superior for maintaining both macroscopic and microscopic characteristics of thawed bull semen. It is recommended to use the soy lecithin-based extender (OPTIXcell®), as it demonstrated positive effects on post-thawed semen quality.