Análisis del valor nutricional de la leche de cabra saanen recolectada en tres zonas de la serranía ecuatoriana

Abstract

The experiment was conduced in three zones of the sierra Ecuadorian: Riobamba (El Guzo), Quito (La Pampilla) and Loja (Zapotepamba), with the objective of analyze the milk quality of saanen goats, 96 samples of Sannen goat milk were taken from the three farms, distributed as follows: 20 from the community El Guzo, 48 from the La Pampilla farm and 28 from the Zapotepamba farm. A multifactorial ADEVA was carried out, where the factors to be taken into account were: age and farms. The experimental results did not show significant differences (P> 0, 05), for the age factor of the animals (young and adult), however, according to the farms, significant differences were reported (P <0, 05), for the fat, non-fatty solids, total solids, moisture, protein and lactose; only for the density of the milk, no significant differences were reported. High correlations were found (r> 0.8), between non-fat solids and lactose (r = 0.83), and between total solids and fat (r = 0.86). When evaluating Saanen goat milk, collected in three zone of the sierra Ecuadorian, we found that goat milk from the town "El Guzo" had the highest content of fat (4,56 %) and proteins (3,61 %); while the goats from La Pampilla presented the best levels of moisture (88,06 %). The density values were from 1027 g / ml to 1030 g / ml, similar to the three farms. Finally, the goats from Zapotepamba presented the highest levels of non-fat solids (8, 91 %), total solids (12, 64 %) and lactose (4, 84 %). The microbiological analysis of mesophilic aerobic bacteria in CFU / ml, of all milk samples are lower than those established by the INEN 2624 standard.

Key word: Sannen, lactose, protein, total solids.