Sistemas biodegradables en el lavado ecológico de fibra de alpaca.

Abstract

This project of bibliographic review aimed at the application of biodegradable systems in the ecological washing of alpaca fiber. The search for information for research was supported by bibliographic databases such as SciELO, Scopus, Academia.edu, E-book, doctoral theses and scientific articles. The variables consulted were: tensile strength (N/cm2), percentage of elongation (%), fastness to light (points), fiber diameter (μm), color (points) and texture (points). The physical analyzes of the fiber, reported the highest tension results (2663.33 N/cm2) when using sodium bicarbonate plus salt in grain and biodegradable detergent; the best elongation (76.67%) when applying biodegradable detergent plus bicarbonate as well as the fastness to light (4.50 points) due to the effect of the detergent; the fiber diameter (23.73 μm) obtained the best response when using biodegradable detergent. In the sensory evaluation, the highest weightings of color (4.80 points) and texture (4.60 points) corresponding to the fiber analysis can be seen, with bicarbonate plus salt in grain and biodegradable detergent. As for the economic evaluation, since the highest profitability (1.36) is achieved by applying biodegradable detergent plus bicarbonate and salt, that is, a profit of 36% is obtained. Therefore, it is concluded that using the treatment with sodium bicarbonate plus grain salt and biodegradable detergent, it was possible to obtain a quality wash.