Caracterización de los sistemas productivos de bovinos de carne en la parroquia Sinaí, cantón Morona, provincia Morona Santiago.

Abstract

This study aims to typify the productive systems of beef cattle in Sinaí parish, Morona canton, Morona Santiago province. The methodology consisted in a descriptive and qualitative research with a quantitative approach, through a survey applied to 37 out of 44 ranchers who deal with beef cattle production, with the purpose to evaluate technical and productive aspects. The Microsoft Excel software was used to conduct the statistical analysis. The following components were taking into consideration: socioeconomic dimension, overall aspects of the farm, management, nutrition, reproductive and productive parameters, health, and productive systems. Regarding the reproductive parameters, the following aspects were considered: age and weight at the first mating, calving interval, breeding success and age at culling and finally productive parameters such as birth weight, weaning weight and age, weight and age at the time of the sale. As a result, there are 1.411 hectares of beef cattle production in Sinaí parish, 89.19% of the owners have farms of between 20 and 100 hectares; 81% of own properties; 84% does not have a technical support. The main supply consists in the grazing Axonopus scoparius 94.97%. The predominant breed is Charolais and consists in 583 LLU (large livestock unit) corresponding to 64.14% of the total population. 83.78% of cattle breeders do not work with condition records; 62.16% of the farms do not have fences. In conclusion, it is clear that beef cattle producers of Sinaí parish apply semi-intensive systems during the productive processes. It is recommended to use this study as a baseline to set up improvement strategies of the production.