Identificación de parásitos gastrointestinales de un grupo genético de aves criollas

Abstract

Backyard poultry production is a livestock activity carried out empirically by rural families without a technified management, gastrointestinal parasitosis is a critical factor that affects the productivity of these birds, so it was necessary to take appropriate sanitary measures for the control of these parasites. Therefore, the objective of this research was to identify the gastrointestinal parasites of a genetic group of backyard poultry. The methodology implemented had a qualitative and quantitative approach, for which 42 Creole birds were used as experimental units. Descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, maximum and minimum values) were applied. The study consisted of taking fecal samples in the morning from each of the birds, which were placed the day before individually in metabolic cages, which were transported to the Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Microbiology "LABIMA" of the ESPOCH, the coproparasite examination was performed using the Flotation method for the identification of gastrointestinal parasites, then the McMaster Technique was applied to determine the parasitic load. The results showed a high parasitic prevalence (92.86%), in which Capillaria spp was the most prevalent parasite (58.97%), followed by Eimeria spp (46.15%), Heterakis gallinarum (36.90%), and in lower prevalence Ascaridia galli (15.38%). Nematodes were the dominant parasites in this group of birds (75%), while protozoa (25%). In addition, necropsy identified parasites of the cestode class, specifically Railletina spp. It was concluded that due to the type of breeding that the Creole birds are subjected to, they were almost entirely infected with gastrointestinal parasites due to poor sanitation and management practices on the part of the producers.