Evaluación de curtición de pieles de ternero a diferentes niveles de licor de curtiente mineral para artículos de confección

Abstract

In the laboratory of the LCF-ESPOCH tannery, leather tanning calf using different levels of tanning liquor (12, 14, 16%), for articles of clothing, it was made three treatments were used, with 4 repetitions and in two consecutive tests for a total of 24 experiemntal units, modeled under completely randomized desing, in bifactorial arrangement. The results infer that with the application of 16% of mineral tanning liquor as tensil strength (1625.33 N/cm2) and shrikage temperature (96.63ºC) was recorded, whereas the highest percentage of enlongationlt was 12% of tanning (26.33%) liquor, surpassing quality requirements established in leather international estándar. Sensory evaluation determined the highest results with 16% of tanning liquor, with softness of 4.63 points, 4.38 points and touch grain size of 4.75 points. The chrome tanning liquors allowed to solve a very serious problem that arises in the tannery sector as excess chromium III, harmful to human, animal and plant health. The use of 16% chromium liquor yelded higher returns in the skins of calf, since the benefit-cost is 1.23 meaning that for every dollar invested a gain of 23% is expected. It is recommended that tanning with 16% (T3) of mineral chromium tanning liquor, for physical resistance and sensory scores improved leather.