Tipificación de microorganismos con potencial agroindustrial aislados de suelo de bosques primarios de la parroquia Baños.

Abstract

The objective of this research work was to determine the typing of microorganisms with agroindustrial potential such as the families: Acetobacter, Lactobacillus and Saccharomyces, isolated from a soil of the primary forest in Baños town. The laboratory work was carried out starting from a stock solution of the soil, with a serial dilution up to a concentration of 1x10-5. Then it was sown by pouring on a plate in specific selective media for the three microorganisms such as acetobacter glucose agar for acetic acid bacteria in aerobiosis at neutral pH, MRS agar for Lactobacillus in anaerobiosis at pH 5.5, YPD agar for Saccharomyces in anaerobiosis at neutral pH, and purification was carried out by streak sowing. It was typed with biochemical tests such as catalase, oxidase, KOH and H2S. The main sugars such as lactose, glucose, mannitol, fructose, galactose were used and incubated at 36 °C for 48 hours. In addition, the physical and chemical parameters of the soil such as pH, organic matter and minerals were analyzed. As a result, 7 species of lactic acid bacteria, 2 species of acetic acid bacteria and 1 species of yeast were obtained. Sugar metabolization, pH under fermentation and CO2 release were observed, which were negative in the H2S test and do not represent a risk for agro-industrial use. The physical and chemical parameters of the soil were pH 6.12, organic matter 70.80%, nitrogen 0.34%, potassium 10.84 mg/L and magnesium 8.53 mg/L. It is concluded that the species that were typified possibly belong to the genera L. delbrueckii, L. plantarun, L. reuteri, L. fermentum, the acetic bacteria to the genus Acetobacter and yeasts to the genus Sacharomyces have a good agroindustrial potential having had an optimal fermentation process and the non-release of H2S. It is recommended to perform rapid tests or PCR tests for a better typing of the species under study.